As part of my MSc Applied Geoinformatics I completed a course on OBIA. 

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Object-based image analysis is an advanced image analysis method that integrates expert knowledge about the spectral and spatial characteristics of image objects into the analysis process. ​

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In general there are two iterative steps: segmentation and classification. In each of these steps rules, methods and thresholds can be defined so that the desired objects are singled out according to use case.

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This project work was done in the software environment eCognition.

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A few example workflows are shown below.